Researchers See Pattern in PTSD Brain Activity


Last Updated: 2010-01-20 19:20:32 -0400 (Reuters Health)

By Julie Steenhuysen

CHICAGO (Reuters) - U.S. researchers have discovered a distinct pattern of brain activity in people with post traumatic stress disorder(PTSD) that may give doctors an objective way to test for it, they said on Wednesday.

Using magnetoencephalography (MEG), which measures how the brain processes information, a team at the University of Minnesota and the Minneapolis VA Medical Center found differences in brain activity between people with PTSD and healthy people.

Having a test for PTSD could speed treatment and simplify insurance coverage, said Dr. Apostolos Georgopoulos of the University of Minnesota, whose study appears in the Journal of Neural Engineering.

PTSD currently is considered a "soft disorder," Dr. Georgopoulos said in a telephone interview. "The thinking is people can suffer from it, but there is no biological marker."

Dr. Georgopoulos and colleagues studied 74 U.S. veterans with PTSD and 250 people with no mental health problems.

Dr. Georgopoulos said current imaging techniques, including magnetic resonance imaging or MRI and functional MRI, look at brain activity indirectly. Instead, he and his colleagues used highly sensitive MEG devices to measure the magnetic fields produced by electrical activity in the brain.

"What you get out of it is a signal that directly comes from brain activity," Dr. Georgopoulos said.

The scanner has 248 sensors that record the interactions in the brain on a millisecond by millisecond basis, much faster than current methods such as the functional magnetic resonance imaging or fMRI.

When they compared brain scans from PTSD and healthy volunteers, they could identify PTSD patients 90% of the time.

"What you have in this disorder is a functional disruption of brain activity. This is what we pick up in an extremely highly accurate way," Dr. Georgopoulos said.

His team is now looking to confirm the findings in a study of 500 patients with PTSD and 500 healthy volunteers.

A study last year by the Rand Corp research organization estimates that about 18.5% of the U.S. troops sent to Iraq and Afghanistan show signs of either PTSD or depression, conditions linked closely with substance abuse.

Journal of Neural Engineering 2010.

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